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助動(dòng)詞have的用法

助動(dòng)詞have以及它的變體has, had等的主要用法如下：

1. have +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：

He has left for Japan. 他已去了日本。

We’ve just done the washing-up. 我們剛洗完碗碟。

Poor Jim has just had an accident. 可憐的吉姆剛出了個(gè)事故。

I have had this car for three years. 這輛汽車我已用了3年了。

By the end of last month, they had finished the work. 上月未他們就已經(jīng)完成了工作。

2. have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

I have been studying English for 8 years. 我學(xué)英語(yǔ)已達(dá)八年了。

The children have been having a lot of run. 孩子們一直玩得很開(kāi)心。

We had been doing business with each other for years before we quarreled. 在吵翻之前，我們多年來(lái)在業(yè)務(wù)上一直來(lái)往。

By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. 到明年這時(shí)候，我們的業(yè)務(wù)住來(lái)就滿20年了。

I woke up—I had been having a bad dream. 我醒了，我做了個(gè)噩夢(mèng)。

3. have+been +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

English has been taught in China for many years. 中國(guó)教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)多年。

I have been made redundant, so I’m going abroad. 我被定成了超編人員，所以我打算出國(guó)。

Thousands of pounds have been spent on the new hospital. 這家新醫(yī)院花費(fèi)了數(shù)千英鎊。

None of my friends have been invited to the party. 我的朋友中沒(méi)有一個(gè)被邀參加晚會(huì)。

All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 為了轉(zhuǎn)變他的想法，所有的辦法都用過(guò)了。