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典型定語從句易錯題詳解

■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was                         B. it was

C. which were                        D. them were

【易錯】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認為是其后句子的主語。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應用復數were，而不是用單數 was。請做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is                          B. it is

C. which are                        D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are                        B. it is

C. which is                          D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are                        B. it is

C. which is                          D. them are

■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that                                B. which

C. where                             D. what

【易錯】容易誤選 B，認為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。

【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個醫院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理，因為人們通常是在醫院里面治傷，而不是在醫院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫院，我可以去治我的手傷？

■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It                                      B. As

C. That                                  D. What

【易錯】容易誤選 A，認為此處應填一個形式主語。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It                                      B. As

C. That                                  D. What

此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的 that 從句。

再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選 B，第(2)題選 D：

(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which                                B. As

C. That                                  D. It

(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which                                B. As

C. That                                   D. It

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