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4. “What made her struggle _________ an artist so hard?” “_________ she was a woman.”

A. became, 不填               B. to become, 不填 

C. become, That               D. to become, That

【賞析】此題容易誤選C，想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為第一空應(yīng)填 become (不帶to)，是因?yàn)槠淝坝惺挂蹌釉~ made。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選D，在 What made her struggle to become an artist so hard? 一句中，what 是句子主語，made 是謂語，her struggle to become an artist 是賓語 (其中的不定式 to become an artist 是修飾her struggle 的定語)，so hard 是賓語補(bǔ)足語。許多同學(xué)誤選C是將 her struggle 看作賓語，而將 become an artist 看作是賓語補(bǔ)足語，照此分析，so hard 又是什么成分呢？第二空填 That，用以引導(dǎo)主語從句 (此 that 不可省略)，其后的謂語和賓語等被省略，若補(bǔ)充完整，即為 That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard.

5. I found I could easily make myself _________ by using sign language.

A. understood                  B. understand

C. to understand              D. being understood

【賞析】答案選A，但容易誤選B，即硬套“make + 名詞或代詞 + 動詞原形”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。但是對于該結(jié)構(gòu)同學(xué)們忽略了一點(diǎn)，就是該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞或代詞應(yīng)與其后動詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而對于上面一題，myself 與動詞 understand 顯然不是主謂關(guān)系，而是動賓關(guān)系，或者說是被動關(guān)系，故此時的動詞應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動。又如：

(1) As a teacher, you should make yourself _________.

A. respect                        B. respecting

C. respected                     D. to respect

(2) He spoke loudly so as to make his voice _________.

A. hear                             B. hearing

C. heard                           D. to hear

(3) Do you know what made her so _________?

A. frighten                        B. frightening

C. frightened                     D. to frighten

答案均選C，即用過去分詞表示被動意義（其中 frightened 為過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞）。

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