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◆care n. & v.

1. 用作名詞，表示“注意”、“小心”、“關(guān)心”等，均為不可數(shù)名詞。如：

You must do it with great care. 你必須十分小心地做它。

Care is needed when crossing the road. 過馬路時(shí)要小心。

We should take good care of the children. 我們應(yīng)該好好照看這些孩子。

2. 用作動(dòng)詞，注意以下用法：

(1) 后接不定式，表示“愿意”、“喜歡”、“想要”，通常用于否定句、疑問句或條件句等。如：

I don’t care to play basketball. 我不喜歡打籃球。

Would you care to go for a walk? 你想去散散步嗎?

(2) 后接從句，表示“在乎”、“在意”等，多用于否定句或疑問句，偶爾也用于肯定句。如：

I don’t care what they say. I shall go on just the same. 我不在乎他們說什么，不管怎么說，我都會(huì)繼續(xù)干下去。

I really care whether we win or lose. 我們是輸是贏我真的很在乎。

3. 用于 care about

(1) 表示“在乎”、“介意”。如：

He does not care about his clothes. 他對(duì)穿衣服在乎。

The only thing he cares about is money. 他只在乎錢。

(2) 表示“對(duì)……感興趣”。如：

I don’t care about it. 我對(duì)此不感興趣。

He cared little about computers. 他對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)沒什么興趣。

4. 用于 care for：

(1) 表示“喜歡”，通常用于否定句或疑問句。如：

Would you care for a drink? 你想喝一杯嗎?

He doesn’t care much for music. 他不大喜歡音樂。

(2) 表示“照看”、“照顧”(可用于各種句型)。如：

He cared for his father all through his long illness. 他父親在長期的生病期間由他照顧。

Who will care for him if his wife dies? 假若他妻子死了，誰來照顧他?

◆careful adj.

1. 后接介詞 of 或 about, 表示“當(dāng)心”、“留意”等。如：

Be careful of the dog; it sometimes bites people. 當(dāng)心那條狗，它有時(shí)候咬人。

You must be careful of [about] your pronunciation. 你要注意你的發(fā)音。

注：be careful 后一般不接介詞 for。如：

我希望你要多注意身體。

正：I hope you’ll be more careful of[about] your health.

誤：I hope you’ll be more careful for your health.

2. 后接介詞 with(其后多接名詞)或 in(其后多接動(dòng)名詞)，表示做某事時(shí)很小心或仔細(xì)。如：

He’s careful with [＝in doing] his work. 他工作很仔細(xì)。

Be careful with the vase;it is valuable. 這花瓶很貴，小心點(diǎn)。

Be careful in dealing with such people. 和這種人打交道要小心。

3. 后接不定式。如：

Be careful not to drop it. 小心不要把它掉了。

You must be careful to avoid being caugth. 你必須小心，不要被抓住。

比較：

He’s careful to read every sentence. 他注意讀(即不漏讀)每一個(gè)句子。

He’s careful in reading every sentence. 他讀每個(gè)句子都很仔細(xì)。

4. 后接從句。如：

Be careful how you hold it. 小心拿好。

Do be careful what you say. 說話一定要小心。

Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings(＝Be careful

not to hurt her feelings). 當(dāng)心別傷害她的感情。

注：后接 what 從句時(shí)，可用介詞 of, about 等，但通常省略，但是若是接 that, how, when, where 等引導(dǎo)的從句，則一般不用介詞；另外，從句謂語若指將來，通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)( 見上例)。

◆careless adj.

1. 注意以下句型：

你把錢包放在這里真是太大意了。

正：It was careless of you to leave your wallet here.

正：You were careless to leave your wallet here.

以上第一句句首的 it 為形式主語，不能改為 that。但是若以上句型后面不出現(xiàn)不定式，那么句首的 it 也可換為 that。如：

他太粗心了。

正:It was very careless of him.

正:That’s very careless of him.

2. 比較：

正：He was careless to make the mistake. 他很粗心，結(jié)果出 了錯(cuò)。(句中的不定式為結(jié)果狀語)

正：He was so careless as to make the mistake. (同上)

正：He was careless in typing the letter. 他打這封信時(shí)很 粗心。(句中的 in typing the letter有類似 when he was typing the letter 的意思)

誤：He was careless to type the letter. (若此句視為正句，則只能理解為：他很粗心，結(jié)果把那封信打印了出來)

3. 表示“不在意的”、“不關(guān)心的”等，其后可接介詞 about, of, with 等。如：

He’s careless of [about] his speech. 他講話隨便。

She is careless of [with] his health. 她不注意身體。

He is careless with his pronunciation. 他對(duì)語音不注意。

Don’t be so careless with your money. 你花錢不要這樣隨便。

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