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38. Thus reading a naturalistic novel or story, can sometimes be like riding through a sewer in a glassed-bottomed boat. (p. 273)

問題分析：按照英語構詞法，glassed-bottomed應改為glass-bottomed。另外，本句逗號的使用值得商榷。

39. With these as a guide a translator can gain an insight into the original story to grasp the theme, the dominant impression, the characterization, the well-designed arrangement of a series of incidents, etc., so that the true purpose of the author to create it.

問題分析：按照英語用法，so that 后應接從句結構，但本句中so that the true purpose of the author to create it缺少謂語部分。

40. To distinguish them from traditional opera they are known as “huaju” (spoken plays) in China. (p. 286)

問題分析：按照英語句法特點，To distinguish的邏輯主語為句子的主語，即they。但該邏輯主語與動詞distinguish之間不是主動關系，而是被動關系，而且they與them在語意上重復，因此建議句子改為：To distinguish them from traditional opera, we call them “huaju” (spoken plays) in China.

二、詞語用法及措辭問題

41. The Program above-mentioned presents our long-term goal. (p.4)

問題分析：above-mentioned是形容詞，一般放在所修飾的名詞前面，即應把The Program above-mentioned改為The above-mentioned Program。當然，也可以改為The Program mentioned above，但這種情況下，mentioned above是分詞短語作定語。

42. In the early years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China those two methods still prevailed over most of the schools and universities until in 1960’s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first was introduced to some key

 foreign languages institutes and then followed other advanced methods from the West after the “Cultural Revolution”. (p.5)

問題分析：本句存在多處問題。首先，prevailed over most of the schools and universities存在搭配不當問題。動詞prevail有兩種搭配習慣：（1）與over連用，后接同性質的名詞，表示比較，意思是“勝過”，如The east wind prevails over the west wind.（東風壓倒西風。）（2）與in/among搭配，意思是“盛行”，如A belief in magic still prevails among some tribes.（某些部族至今仍然相信魔法。）因此，prevailed over most of the schools and universities應改為prevailed in most of the schools and universities。第二，1960’s 應改為1960s。第三，until in 1960’s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first was introduced中的 i.e. listening and speaking first是插入語，起補充說明作用，因此，其后應添加一個逗號，即改為until in 1960s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first, was introduced。第三，and then followed other advanced methods from the West after the “Cultural Revolution”部分，如果筆者沒有理解錯誤的話，應該是一個倒裝結構，即該句的主語是other advanced methods from the West。但這種倒裝結構是否符合英語規則，值得商榷。事實上，該句完全可以使用正常語序，即改為and then other advanced methods from the West followed after the “Cultural Revolution”。

43. The two ways are overlapped and crisscrossed but they serve as a guide to the comparatives study of English and Chinese. (p. 8)

問題分析：從語義上來說，The two ways are overlapped and crisscrossed應使用主動語態，即The two ways overlap and crisscross。另外，comparatives存在拼寫錯誤，應去掉其末尾的s。這種動詞的主被動語態用法不當的問題在其它地方也存在，如：Among all the phonetic rhetorical devices the phonetic pun is the most particular because it is overlapped with the semantic meaning of a word itself. (p. 136) 在該句中，it is overlapped應改為it overlaps。

44. For example, once a Chinese student met with a foreigner who was lost in his way back to his hotel. (p. 10)

問題分析：in his way back to his hotel表達不地道，應改為on his way back to his hotel。

On one’s way to…（在去……的路上）是英語中的一種固定說法。

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