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談?wù)勌摂M條件從句的省略與倒裝

當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語部分含有were, should, had時(shí)，我們可以將連詞if省略掉，而將were, should, had置于句首。如：

If she were in charge, she would do things differently.=Were she in charge, she would do things differently. 如果是她負(fù)責(zé)，她會(huì)是另一種做法。

If you should change your mind, no one would blame you.=Should you change your mind, no one would blame you. 萬一你改變主意，誰也不會(huì)怨你。

If the management had acted sooner, the strike wouldn’t have happened.= Had the management acted sooner, the strike wouldn’t have happened. 如果資方早些采取行動(dòng)，就不會(huì)發(fā)生罷工了。

幾點(diǎn)說明：

1. 對(duì)于條件從句含有should而主句使用陳述語氣或祈使語氣的句子也可以采用以上方法進(jìn)行省略和倒裝。如：

If I should be free tomorrow, I will come. = Should I be free tomorrow, I will come. 如果明天我有空我就來。

If they should attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely.=Should they attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely. 假如他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。

有時(shí)被提到句首的had不是助動(dòng)詞，而是表示“有”的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。如：

Had I the time, I would go. 如有時(shí)間我就去。

2. 如果條件從句為否定式，注意要將not置于主語之后，而不置于主語之前。如：

若非你的幫助，我仍會(huì)無家可歸。

誤：Weren’t it for your help, I would still be homeless.

正：Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.

要不是我親眼所見，我都不會(huì)相信了。

誤：Hadn’t I seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.

正：Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.

3. 在這類倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，置于句首的were習(xí)慣上不能用was代替。如：

如果我是在你的立場，我不愿意做那件事。

If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.

→Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.(m.52ysedu.com)