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5. who 與 that

Who ______ has seen him do not like him?

A. that                     B. who                     C. he                       D. she

此題應選A。其余幾項均有可能被選。當先行詞指人時, 引導定語從句是用who還是用that, 主要應注意以下幾點：

1. 在通常情況下, 兩者常可換用。

2. 在下列情況, 兩者都可用, 但用that比who更常見：

(1) 先行詞是all, nobody, no one, someone, anyone等時：

All that heard him were delighted. 所有聽了他講 話的人都很高興。

Have you met anybody that has been to Paris? 你 遇見過去過巴黎的人嗎?

(2) 先行詞受序數詞, 最高級以及only, same等修飾時：

He’s the only one among us that knows French. 他是我們中間唯一懂法語的人。

3. 在下列情況通常只用that：

(1) 當先行詞是一既指人又指物的并列詞組時：

He made a speech on the men and things that he’d

seen abroad. 他就在國外見到的人和事作了報告。

(2) 當先行詞是who時：

Who that has sympathy can laugh on that occasion?

有同情心的人誰會在那個時候發笑呢?

(3) 當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時：

Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 湯姆這孩子已不是以前那個樣子了。

6. 是非限制性定語從句還是并列句

—He wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ were popular.

—It’s the same with his wife. She wrote some plays, but none of ______ was a success.

A. these, them         B. which, which        C. those, which        D. which, them

此題應選 D。很容易誤選A, B。選對該題的關鍵是：要注意前面一句的 none of...沒有并列連詞(說明它才是非限制性定語從句, 所以其后填which), 而后面一句的none of...前有一并列連詞but(說明它與前面一句構成并列句, 所以其后填them)。請做以下類似題(注意and, but等的有無)：

1. a. He has two sons, but neither of ___is clever.

b. He has two sons, neither of ____ is clever.

A. them, them           B. whom, whom

C. them, whom         D. whom, them

2. a. Mr Smith made a lot of money, most of____ was spent helping the poor.

b. Mr Smith made a lot of money, and most of____ was spent helping the poor.

A. it, it                      B. which, which        C. it, which               D. which, it

類似地, 以下一題也與but, and這類詞的有無相關：

3. ____many times, but he still couldn’t remember.

A. Having been told    B. Being told

C. Having told           D. He was told

答案：1. C 2. D 3. D

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