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(2) 直接放在介詞后作賓語時:

This is the book of which I was speaking. 這本書就是我跟你們提到過的那本書。

The tool with which he is working is called a hammer. 他干活用的那個工具叫做錘子。

2. 通常要用 that 的場合(偶爾也可能用 which, 但較少見)：

(1) 當先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時：much, little, none, all, few, every(thing)，any(thing)，no(thing)等。如：

All that glitters is not gold. 發光的不一定都是金子。

I never took anything that didn’t belong to me. 我從來不拿不屬于我的東西。

All [Everything] that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必須做。

(2) 當先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時。如：

Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原話。

This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個。

(3) 當先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時。如：

This is the most interesting story that I’ve ever read. 這是我所讀過的最有趣的故事。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我們應該做的第一件事是訂個計劃。

(4) 當關系代詞在定語從句中用作表語時。如：

China is not the country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。

(5) 當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時。如：

The train ran over a boy and his dog that were justcrossing the track. 火車壓死了正穿越軌道的一個男孩和他的狗。

(6) 當要避免重復時。如：

Which is the car that overtook us? 超過我們的是哪輛車?

◆who & that  pron.

兩者都可用作關系代詞指人，有時可互換，但以下幾點需注意：

1. 在 all, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, anybody 等詞之后兩者都可用，但以用 that 較普通。如：

All that [who] heard him were delighted. 所有聽了他講話的人都很高興。

Have you met anybody that [who] has been to Paris? 你遇見過到過巴黎的人嗎?

2. 在序數詞、形容詞最高級以及 the only, the same, the very 等之后兩者都可用，但以用 that 較普通。如：

Newton was one of the greatest men that [who] ever lived. 牛頓是世界上最偉大的人物之一。

He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian. 他是我們中間唯一懂俄語的人。

3. 引導非限制性定語從句時，通常只用 who。如：

Mrs Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will bejoining us next term. 史密斯夫人很有教學經驗，她下個學期將來與我們一道工作。

4. 但是在下列情況，通常只用 that: (m.52ysedu.com)

(1) 當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時。如：

I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在國外所見到的人和事作了報告。

(2) 當先行詞是 who 時(為避免重復)。如：

Who that has sympathy can laugh on that occasion? 有同情心的人誰會在那個時候發笑呢?

(3) 當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(可省略)。如：

Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 湯姆這孩子已不是以前那個湯姆了。

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