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當(dāng)心！詞序不一樣，意義也不一樣

■湖南  米仙珠

英語(yǔ)中有的短語(yǔ)，正說(shuō)也行，倒過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)也行，但它們的意思是不一樣的。中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：

1. as much 同樣地 / much as 很像；雖然，盡管。如：

He said as much. 他就是這樣說(shuō)的。

He was dressed much as a policeman. 他打扮得很像個(gè)警察。

Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home. 我倒是很愿意呆在這兒，可確實(shí)得回家了。

2. above all 首先，最重要的是 / all above 以上所有的都。如：

Above all, he was not honest. 最重要的是他不誠(chéng)實(shí)。

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do now. 但現(xiàn)在首先要告訴我要去做什么。

The answers all above are correct. 以上所有答案都是對(duì)的。

3. before long  不久以后 / long before  老早，早就；在……前很久。如：

I hope to write to you before long. 我希望不久就能給你寫(xiě)信。

That had happened long before. 那事老早就發(fā)生了。

She had left long before his return [he returned]. 在他回來(lái)的很久以前她就走了。

4. for good 永遠(yuǎn)地，一勞永逸地 / good for 適于，對(duì)……有益。如：

It isn’t as if you were going away for good. 又不是你離開(kāi)不回來(lái)了。

Too much rich food is not good for you. 吃太多油膩的食物對(duì)你的身體不好。

This beach is good for swimming but bad for surfing. 這片海灘宜于游泳而不適合作沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)。

5. for fear 由于害怕，以免 / fear for 為……擔(dān)心。如：

We spoke in whispers for fear of waking the baby / for fear (that) we might wake the baby. 我們輕聲談話, 以免吵醒嬰兒。

They feared for the lost child. 他們?yōu)閬G失的孩子擔(dān)心。

He feared for his son’s safety. 他為他兒子的安全擔(dān)心。

6. for long 長(zhǎng)久地，很久地 / long for 渴望。如：

We cannot survive for long without food and drink. 我們沒(méi)有食物和飲料就活不了多久。

People all over the world long for peace. 全世界的人民都渴望和平。

7. in all  總共，總之 / all in 筋疲力盡的；一切包括在內(nèi)。如：

There are 100 people in all. 一共有100人。

In all, the book is worth reading. 總之，這本書(shū)值得一讀。

I am all in at the end of the day. 一天下來(lái)我筋疲力盡。

I reckon it costs me two hundred pounds a year to run my car, all in. 我估計(jì)，包括一切費(fèi)用在內(nèi)，使用我的車(chē)一年得花200磅。

8. in advance 預(yù)先，事先 / advance in 在……有進(jìn)步(提高，發(fā)展)。如：

The heavy luggage was sent in advance. 笨重的行李已事先送去。

Everything has been fixed in advance. 一切都已預(yù)先安排好了。

He advanced in his career. 他在事業(yè)上有進(jìn)步。

This tribe advanced in civilization. 這個(gè)部落逐漸文明起來(lái)。

9. in hand  手頭有，掌握住，在進(jìn)行 / hand in 交上來(lái)，交來(lái)。如：

I still have some money in hand. 我手頭還有些錢(qián)。

The work is in hand and will soon be completed. 工作正在進(jìn)行中，不久就可完成。

Give them a call and let them know we have the matter in hand. 給他們打個(gè)電話，告訴他們我們已控制了局勢(shì)。

Hand in your examination papers now, please. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)把考卷交上來(lái)。

Someone handed this parcel in this morning. 今天早上一個(gè)人把這個(gè)包交了上來(lái)。

10. on hand  在手邊(隨時(shí)可用) / hand on  傳遞給另一個(gè)人。如：

She always has her dictionary on hand when she studies. 她學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)總是把詞典放在手邊。

Please read this notice and hand it on. 本通知看后請(qǐng)傳閱。

Please hand on the magazine to your friends. 請(qǐng)把這本雜志傳給你的朋友看。

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