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短語動詞如何變為被動語態

1. “動詞+介詞/副詞”類短語動詞變被動語態的方法

可以將其作為整體看待，注意其中的介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。如：

The patient is being operated on. 病人正在動手術。

His request was turned down. 他的要求遭到拒絕。

這類短語動詞常見的還有agree to, ask for, laugh at, listen to, look after, think of, talk about, call on等。常用的由“及物動詞+副詞”構成的短語動詞有bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put on, put off, take off, think over, work out, turn out, sell out, use up, look up等。

2. “動詞＋副詞＋介詞”類短語動詞變被動語態的方法

這類短語動詞變成被動語態時，也要把它們作為一個整體看待。如：

The poor were looked down upon then. 那時窮人被人瞧不起。

He was looked up to by everyone. 他被人們所敬仰。

這類短語動詞還有：get out of, look out of, get on with，get along with, catch up with, keep up with等。

3. “動詞+名詞+介詞”類短語動詞變被動語態的方法

既可將短語動詞后的賓語作為被動句的主語，也可將短語動詞中的名詞作為被動句的主語，到底該怎樣變，視語義的需要而定。如：

You must pay attention to your pronunciation. 你必須注意你的發音。

Your pronunciation must be paid attention to.

Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.

這類短語動詞常見的還有catch sight of, make use of, make fun of, make friends with, set fire to, take care of, take hold of, take part in, take notice of, keep an eye on等。