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ill 用作表語與用作定語的用法

一、ill 用作表語的用法

ill表示身體上或精神上的“不適的”“不健康的”“有病的”等，通常用作表語。如：

He’s been ill since then. 自那以來他一直病著。

She is too ill to move. 她病得很厲害，動彈不得。

I was ill for six months, so I lost my job. 因為我病了半年，所以把工作丟了。

He was very ill for a time, but he managed to pull through. 有一段時間他病得很重，但他最后痊愈了。

即使是表示“有病的”，現有也有人用 ill 作定語。如：

Mentally ill patients will be under the care of a psychiatrist. 患有精神病的病人將由精神科醫生治療。

如《朗文英語語法》在第6.8.1節指出：“……但請注意He’s an ill man的說法已日益增多”。

二、ill用作定語的用法

但若不是表示身體上或精神上的“不適的”“不健康的”“有病的”等，而是表示類似bad（不好的）的意思，則通常只用作定語，不用作表語。如：

He resigned from his post on the grounds of ill health. 他以身體不好為理由辭職了。

His ill health poses serious problems for the future. 他身體不好，對將來造成嚴重的隱患。

He didn’t seem to have suffered any ill effects from his fall. 他摔的那一跤好像并沒有給他造成什么不良后果。

Malicious fates are bent on working out an ill intent. 惡意的命運諸神決心實現歹毒的用意。

You ought to apologize and show there is no ill feeling between you. 你應當道歉, 表明你們之間并無惡感。

The ill feeling between her and Jenny must have been papered over. 她和詹妮之間的敵意肯定是被掩蓋了。

The ghost’s appearance was an ill omen. 鬼的出現是不祥的征兆。

By ill luck, my flight had been cancelled. 我運氣真不好，那趟航班被取消了。

The ill fated ship was sent off course into shallow waters and rammed by another vessel. 這艘倒霉的船偏離航道誤入淺水區，被另外一艘船撞上了。

三、用于諺語：It’s an ill wind that blows nobody any good.

用于諺語：It’s an ill wind that blows nobody any good. 這里的ill也是用作定語，意思是：

使人人遭殃的風才是惡風。

世上鮮有絕對的壞事。

害于此者利于彼。