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the coast north of Vancouver是什么意思？

■本站特約作者  劉永科

下面是人教版英語必修三第5單元中的一個句子：The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. 溫哥華北面的海岸上有著世界上最古老和最美麗的森林。對north of Vancouver這個短語，有3個問題需要討論：

1.“north of +地點名詞”是個什么詞組？

2.“north of +地點名詞”在句子中能做什么成分？

3. north of Vancouver表示in the north of Vancouver，還是to the north of Vancouver？

第1個問題：“north of +地點名詞”是一個of介詞短語，又在of前加了方位副詞north，構成了一個含有副詞修飾的介詞短語，表示方位。例如：a railway north of the city城北的一條鐵路。類似的詞組還有：

“south of +地點名詞”

“east of +地點名詞”

“west of +地點名詞”

“northeast of +地點名詞”

“northwest of +地點名詞”

“southeast of +地點名詞”

“southwest of +地點名詞”

第2個問題：“north of +地點名詞”，在句中可以作定語、表語和地點狀語。例如：

【作定語】

The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. 溫哥華北面的海岸上有著世界上最古老和最美麗的森林。

They lived in a village north of London.他們住在倫敦北部的一個村莊里。

All the states east of the Mississippi were connected during this decade.在這十年中，密西西比河以東的所有各州都連上了鐵路。

The little plane came down at the old airport south of the town.小飛機在城南的飛機場降落了。

He and Mrs. Kessler live in a big house west of here.他和克斯勒太太住在西邊的一棟大房子里。

【作表語】

The United States is north of the equator.美國位于赤道以北。

The lake is due north of the village.這個湖位于村莊的正北方。

Canada is north of the United States.加拿大在美國的北面。

The Olympic Stadium is north of the city centre.奧林匹克體育場在市中心的北部。

Behai Park is just north of the Forbidden City.北海公園就在故宮的北側。

【作地點狀語】

The two roads meet just north of the city.兩條馬路就在城市的北面匯合。

I live north of Seattle and work around that area quite a bit.我住在西雅圖北部，相當多的時間在那一帶工作。

Edinburgh is a long way north of London.愛丁堡在倫敦北面很遠的地方。

Lying north of the church is a girls' senior high school.位于這座教堂以北的是一所女子高中。

I do not know the address, but it's two blocks north of the hotel. 　 　我不知道地址，但地點是離酒店北邊兩條街的地方。

North of the equator nights are longer than days.赤道以北地區，黑夜比白天長。

It is just 137 kilometres north of the equator.它位于赤道以北僅137公里。(m.52ysedu.com)

The airport, he informed me, was half a mile north of the town.他告訴我飛機場在城區以北半英里處。

The park is about two miles north (south, east, west) of our school.公園在我校以北（以南、以東、以西）約兩英里處。

North of the equater about 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.北半球大約有百分之六十一的表面為水所覆蓋。

North of the city lies a railway.城市北邊有一條鐵路。

Just north of Germany lies the Baltic Sea.波羅的海位于德國正北面。

The hotel is situated two miles north of downtown.那家旅館位于鬧市區以北兩英里處。

第3個問題：north of Vancouver表示in the north of Vancouver，還是to the north of Vancouver? 根據句子意思，應該是to the north of Vancouver，因為海岸是“在溫哥華市區外的北部”，而in the north of Vancouver則是“在溫哥華市區內的北部”。此外，方位詞前有了介詞還需要加定冠詞the。一般來說，“north (south, east, west) of +地點名詞”表示“在該地點名詞的外部”，等于“to the north (south, east, west) of +地點名詞”。若表示在該地點名詞的內部，則用“in the the north (south, east, west) of+地點名詞”。　　

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