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will與would七大用法歸納

用法一：表示意愿

will 表示現在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿：

I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的價錢付款。

Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。

He wouldn’t help me yesterday. 他昨天不愿幫助我。

She asked if I would go with them. 她問我是否愿同他們一起去。

注意：

(1) 表示“意愿”的 will 有時可用于條件句中：

If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。

(2) would也可表示現在的意愿，語氣較委婉：

I’d go there with you. 我愿同你去那兒。

I wouldn’t go. 我不會去。

用法二：表示征求意見或提出請求

主要用于第二人稱的疑問句中，will和would均可用，would此時并不表過去，而表示委婉語氣：

Won’t you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脫掉?

Will [would] you please post the letter for me? 請幫我寄了這封信好嗎?

Would Sunday night suit you? 星期天晚上適合你嗎?

注意：

(1) 有時為使語氣委婉，可用否定式。總的說來，用would比用will委婉，用won’t和wouldn’t比單獨用will和would要委婉。

(2) would有時用于提出想法，通常與like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等連用，若用于第一人稱有時也可將would換成should：

I’d like [love] to have a look at it. 我想看看它。

I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。

用法三：表示習慣和傾向性

will表示現在的習慣，would表示過去的習慣：

Oil will float on water. 油總是浮在水上。

This window won’t open. 這扇窗戶經常打不開。

He’ll talk for hours, if you let him. 你要讓他講，他會講幾個小時。

The wound would not heal. (過去)傷口老不愈合。

When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小時候經常去滑雪。

He would sit there for hours sometimes doing nothing at all. 有時他在那里一坐幾個鐘頭，什么也不做。

注意：

有時would表示經常發生的令人不耐煩的事：

That’s just like him—he would lose his keys! 他就是這樣，老丟鑰匙!

用法四：表示推測

will用于談論現在，would可用于談論過去，也可用于談論現在(語氣較委婉)：

This car will hold six people. 這輛小汽車可以坐六個人。

Ask him. He will know. 問問他吧，他大概知道。

You wouldn’t know. 你不會知道。

Every family would have some sort of trouble. 家家都會有本難念的經。

The person you mentioned would be her father, is that right? 你提的那個人想必是她的父親，對嗎?

注意：

有時可后接完成式，表示對過去可能已經發生的情況進行推測：

You will have heard of it. 你已經聽到那事了吧。

I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你現在可能已經做完了吧。

用法五：表示執意或決心

will表示現在的執意和決心，would表示過去的執意和決心：

“Tell me the secret.” “I won’t.”“把秘密告訴我。”“我才不哩。”

I won’t have anything said against her. 我絕不讓誰說她的壞話。

He would do it, though I told him not to. 雖然我叫他不要做，可是他偏要做。

注意：此用法可視為表意愿的加強用法，即強烈的意愿即為決心。

用法六：其他用法

will 還可表示許諾、指示、叮囑等，而would還可用于評論某一特定的行為等：

You will have your share. 你會得到你那一份的。

You will do as I told you. 你得照我說的去做。

That’s just what he would say. 他就是愛那樣講話。

You would never do anything to hurt me. 你絕不會做傷害我的事的。

用法七：would與虛擬條件句

有時用would，可視為是省略了或包含有相關條件的虛擬語氣：

I might see her personally. It would be better. 我可能親自去看她，那樣更好些。(=It would be better if I saw her personally.)

She’d be stupid not to accept. 她不接受那才笨呢。(=She would be stupid if the didn’t accept.)