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英語定冠詞用法歸納

(1)表示特指

特指某人或物，包括特指上文提到過的人或物，特指說話雙方都知道的人或物，特指限定性定語所修飾的人或物，等等。如：

the English of Shakespeare 莎士比亞時代的英語

the English spoken in America and Canada在美國和加拿大講的英語

the literature of the day 當代文學

the classical literature of France 法國古典文學

One drives a car or a taxi, and the passengers ride in it. 汽車或出租汽車都是一人開車，乘客們坐在車里面。

We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 我們養了一只貓和兩只狗，貓是黑的，狗是白的。

(2)表示獨一無二

用在世界上“獨一無二”的事物的名詞前。如：

The sun went behind a bank of clouds. 太陽鉆到云堆里去了。

There were masses of dark clouds in the sky. 天空布滿團團烏云。

Copernicus concluded that the earth goes round the sun. 哥白尼斷定地球圍繞太陽旋轉。

In the distant future people may live on the moon. 在遙遠的將來人們可能會生活在月球上。

(3)用于最高級前

即用于形容詞或副詞的最高級前。如：

He’s the best man for the job. 他是最適合做這項工作的人。

The best thing for you would be to forget it. 你最好是把這事兒忘了。

What’s the farthest place you’ve ever been to? 你到過的最遠地方是哪兒?

The nearest post office is about half a mile along [up, down] the road. 最近的郵局要沿著這條路大約走半英里。

The Amazon is among the most famous rivers in the world. 亞馬孫河是世界最有名的河流之一。

The most important purpose of first aid is to save someone’s life. 急救最重要的目的是救人性命。

On this hill were built the most splendid buildings of the city. 這座山上蓋了全市最富麗的建筑。

(4)用于序數詞或方位詞之前

We especially enjoyed the third act of the play. 我們特別喜歡戲的第3幕。

This is the fourth win of the season. 這是他們本賽季第4次獲勝。

The first step in the procedure for making a kite is to build a frame. 做風箏第一步是要先做骨架。

He didn’t really contribute much to the game in the second half. 他在比賽的下半場確實沒發揮太大的作用。

This is the fifth time you’ve asked me the same question. 你問我同樣的問題這已經是第5次了。

(5)用于樂器名詞前

表示相應樂器的演奏。如：

They then asked him to play the violin. 于是他們請他拉小提琴。

My brother plays the drums in a band. 我的弟弟在一個樂隊里打鼓。

When he plays the piano, his heart and soul is in it. 他彈鋼琴時，全神貫注。

He plays the violin, I mean the viola, really well. 他拉小提琴，不，我是說中提琴，拉得很好。

He plays the violin in a symphony orchestra. 他在交響樂隊拉小提琴。

It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. 在我睡覺時你不彈鋼琴，你真是體貼人。

(6)表示人體部位

用于某些介詞短語中指身體的某個部位。如：

He was hit on the head. 他被擊中頭部。

She held the child by the hand. 她抓住小孩的手。

He gave me a clap on the back. 他在我背上拍了一下。

He fell down and got a bang on the head. 他摔倒了，腦袋狠狠地撞了一下。

The two players clapped each other on the back. 兩個選手互相拍了拍對方的背。

(7)用于表示一家人

用于在姓氏的復數形式之前表示一家人或夫婦二人。如：

The Whites have gone for a holiday on the Continent. 懷特一家去歐洲大陸度假了。

The Smiths live three doors down from us. 史密斯一家與我家隔了3戶。

The Smiths live (three miles) east of the town. 史密斯一家住在城鎮東面 (3英里的地方)。

The Lamberts liked their new home, although they missed their friends. 蘭伯特一家喜歡他們的新家，可是他們又想念他們的朋友們。

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