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代詞it與one有哪些區別

一、關于代詞 it

it指的是與前面已提到的事物為同一物，此時的it等于“the (this, that, my...)+名詞”。如：

He aimed at the bird and missed it. 他瞄準那只鳥卻沒打中。

He banded the box before mailing it. 郵寄前他把盒子用帶子捆扎好。

To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 影響一項政策就是對該政策具有一種影響。

Leave that vase alone or you’ll break it. 不要動那個花瓶，要不你會把它打了的。

The normal school has a primary school attached to it. 這所師范學校有一所附屬小學。

If that sandwich is going begging, I’ll have it. 這份三明治沒人要，我就要了。

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 給了她這個機會，她立刻抓住。

He brought out his dictionary and looked the word up in it. 他拿出詞典來查這個詞。

二、關于代詞 one

one 指的是與前面已提到的事物為同一類物，此時的one等于“a+名詞”。如：

She couldn’t resist buying one. 她禁不住買了一個。

The sergeants each carried one. 中士們每人攜帶一只。

Two heads are better than one. 兩人智慧勝一人；三個臭皮匠勝過諸葛亮。

Julia wears a ring on every finger, but I wear only one. 朱莉婭每個手指上都戴戒指，而我只戴一個。

The two simultaneous shots sounded like one. 同時發出的兩聲槍響聽起來像一聲。

You’ll have your own office soon but for the time being you’ll have to share one. 你很快就有自己的辦公室了，不過暫時還得和別人合用一間。

There were no televisions when my grandmother was a child but nowadays most people have one. 我奶奶小時候還沒有電視，而現今大多數人家都有一臺。

另外，one 的前面根據需要可以有冠詞、物主代詞、指代詞等修飾（但 it 前面不可以這樣用）。如：

The task before us is not an easy one. 我們面臨的任務不輕。

The stuffed dog barks as if it is a real one. 這只狗標本叫起來像真狗似的。

In given conditions a bad thing can be turned into a good one. 在一定條件下，壞事可以變為好事。

The novel he wrote the year before is considered as a classic one. 他前年所寫的那部小說被認為是最經典的小說之一。

I prefer your original plan to this one. 我認為你原來的計劃比這個好。

She would rather have the small one than the large one. 她寧愿要小的那個，而不愿要大的。

Go on to read the next paragraph after you have finished this one. 你讀完這段文章后，請接著讀下一段。