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very, much與very much的用法區(qū)別與辨析

very, much與very much 均可表示程度，意思是“很”“非常”，其區(qū)別和辨析如下：

1. very 的用法

very 主要修飾形容詞或副詞。如：

The raw material is very cheap.  原料很便宜。

This is a very unusual request.  這是一個不同尋常的請求。

By all accounts their manager is very able. 據(jù)說他們的經(jīng)理很能干。

The boy acted very badly at school. 男孩在學校里表現(xiàn)得很不好。

These products have been advertised very heavily. 這些產(chǎn)品廣告做得很多。

She has a very good relationship with her students. 她與她的學生關系很好。

Her serious illness has made her very weak.  她病得很嚴重，身體很虛弱。

He succeeded in business and was very wealthy. 他事業(yè)成功，非常富有。

注：修飾副詞 too，要用 much，而不用 very。如：

They walked much too far. 他們走得太遠了。

He spoke much too fast. 他說話說得太快了。

This is much too heavy for you to lift. 這東西太重，你拿不起來。

He made himself much too familiar with the girl. 他對這位姑娘太放肆了。

2. much 的用法——修飾動詞

much 主要修飾動詞，且主要用于否定句或疑問句。如：

It didn’t hurt much. 不怎么痛。

Do you dine out much? 你常在外面用餐嗎?

Does the pain from your operation bother you much? 你手術后疼得很難受嗎?

He was a pleasant chap but didn't talk much. 他是個討人喜歡的家伙，但說話不多。

有時也用于肯定句中修飾動詞，但此時其前通常會有 very, too, so 等之類的修飾語。如：

It is no less than robbery to ask for so much.  要求這么多，簡直跟搶劫沒兩樣。

I have an ache in my leg from walking too much. 我路走多了，腿隱隱作痛。

I very much approve of these new tests.  我非常贊成這些新的測試。

I didn’t recognize him because he altered so much. 我沒認出他來，因為他改變了許多。

I couldn’t live in London. I love the great outdoors too much. 我住不了倫敦，我酷愛郊外的環(huán)境。

注意，有時單個的 much (即沒有修飾語)有時也可能在肯定句修飾動詞，但這只限于 enjoy, regret, admire, prefer, appreciate 等少數(shù)動詞，且此時的 much 應置于句中，而不是句末。如：

Her physical attributes were much admired. 很多人欣賞她的身材。

Sailing is an activity I much enjoy. 帆船運動是我非常喜愛的活動。

They much preferred country life to life in the city. 比起城市生活，他們更喜歡農(nóng)村生活。

Lewis was much admired for his work on medieval literature. 劉易斯因其對中世紀文學的研究而備受仰慕。

I much prefer the orchestra’s 1998 recording of the symphony. 我更喜歡這支管弦樂隊1998 年灌制的這部交響曲。

3. much 的用法——修飾過去分詞

修飾過去分詞，通常用 much，不用 very。但修飾已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞的過去分詞，或形容詞性質(zhì)較強的過去分詞 (如過去分詞作定語時)，則可用 very。如：

I was much surprised at the news. 聽到這個消息我非常吃驚。

Her face wore a very surprised expression. 她臉上露出很吃驚的表情。

4. much 的用法——修飾其他成分

much 除修飾動詞外，還可修飾比較級和最高級以及介詞短語等。如：

If you compare his work with [and] hers, you'll find hers is much better. 要是把他倆的工作比較一下，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)她的好得多。

It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借債容易還債難。

Prices are much more likely to go up than come down. 價格很可能上漲而不是下跌。

It’s an economy to buy good shoes; they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. 購買質(zhì)量高的鞋很經(jīng)濟；雖花錢多，但比廉價鞋耐穿得多。

This is much the worst stretch of motorway in the country. 這是這個國家最糟糕的一段公路。

This is much the most important. 這是最最重要的。

It is much the best place in Britain to live. 這絕對是在英國居住的最好地方。

He fell in the water, much to the entertainment of the children. 他掉進水里，逗得孩子們樂不可支。

Much to my surprise, she did it by herself. 讓我極為驚訝的是，這竟然是她自己做的。

注：very 有時也可修飾最高級 (注意在句中的位置)。如：

His work is comparable with the very best. 他的工作可與最優(yōu)秀的相比。

I want to give my children the very best education I can afford. 我想給我孩子力所能及的最良好的教育。

At the very least this suggests your future does not lie in your hands. 最起碼這表明你的前途不掌握在你自己的手中。

5. very much 的用法

very much 是 much 的強調(diào)說法，從理論上說，可用 much 的地方，原則上也可 very much。

He’s very much admired by his students. 他的學生十分欽佩他。