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不定式的完成式用作哪些句子成分
■本站特約作者 陳仁禎
不定式完成式在句中可以用作以下成分：
一、主語
To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable. 兩次犯同樣的錯誤是不可原諒的。
To have told my secret would have given me away. 要是講出了我的秘密就是把我自己出賣了。
有時在句首使用形式主語。如：
It’s nice to have finished work. 工作干完了，真愜意。
二、表語
He seems to have been hurt. 他似乎受傷了。
The house was to have been ready today. 這座房子本應該今天竣工。
I was to have seen him last Wednesday but he did not come. 我本來打算在上星期三和他見面的但是他沒有來。
三、賓語
He pretended to have read the book. 他假裝曾經讀過那本書。
I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了(m.52ysedu.com)。
They claimed to have shot down 22 planes. 他們聲稱打下了22架飛機。
四、定語
There is no need to have bought a new pair of shoes for me. 沒有必要給我買一雙新鞋。
She’s the only woman ever to have climbed Everest in winter. 她是唯一在冬天爬過埃佛勒斯峰的婦女。
五、狀語
You’re far too clever to have done that. 你太聰明了不會這樣做。
He was too young to have learned to say no to a woman. 他太年輕了，還沒學會向女人說不。
六、賓補
I believed her to have done this on purpose. 我相信她是故意這樣做的。
I consider him to have acted disgracefully. 我認為他的行為不光彩。
They supposed man to have descended from animals. 他們認為人是動物演變來的。
七、主補
He is rumoured to have escaped to Dublin. 謠傳他已逃往都柏林。
He was known to have taken money from the Germans. 據傳他拿過德國人的錢。
They are believed to have landed in America. 人們相信他們在美洲上了岸。
He is reported to have been chosen chairman of the trade union. 據說他當選了工會主席。
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