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英語動詞時態(tài)詳解：過去將來完成進行時

一、過去將來完成進行時的用法

過去將來完成進行時表動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到過去將來某一時間。動作是否繼續(xù)下去，由上下文決定。如：

I heard by July you’d have been teaching here for ten years.  我聽說到七月份，你就在這里教了10年書了。

二、過去將來完成進行時的構(gòu)成

過去完成進行時由“would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years.  他說到了春季學期末，他就學了三年英語了。

I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years.  我知道到那時他他就在那兒工作滿30年了。

She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer.  她告訴我到年年夏天她在那所大學教書就滿20年了。

三、間接引語與過去將來完成進行時

在間接引語中，若主句為過去時態(tài)，則用于賓語從句中的間接引語則要把將來完成進行時改為過去將來完成進行時。如：

I know by this time next week you’ll have been working here for 30 years.

→I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years.

She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by this summer.

→She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer.

四、過去將來完成進行時與虛擬語氣

在特定的語境中，有時過去將來完成進行時可用虛擬語氣中。如：

At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car，because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front. If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front.  事故發(fā)生的時候，我坐在車子的后座，因為湯姆的小兒子坐在前邊他的身旁。要是湯姆的孩子沒坐在那里的話，我就會坐在前面了。