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英語的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要表示謂語動詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件或伴隨情況等，在許多情況下相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句或并列句。
1. 用作時(shí)間狀語
The work done (=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我們就回家了。
2. 用作條件狀語
Weather permitting (=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天氣允許的話，他們將在明天組織一次海濱小游。
3. 用作原因狀語
An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因?yàn)槊魈煲l(fā)表一個(gè)重要的演講，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
4. 用作伴隨狀語
He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，兩手交叉枕在腦后。
5. 表示補(bǔ)充說明
A hunter came in, his face red with cold (=and his face was red with cold). 一個(gè)獵人走了進(jìn)來，他的臉凍得通紅。
We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我們加倍努力，一個(gè)人干兩個(gè)人的活。
注：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)表示時(shí)間、條件或原因時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示原因時(shí)還可放在句末；表伴隨狀況或補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句，通常放于句末。
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