打印本文 
關閉窗口 三、 完全倒裝
完全倒裝的基本形式是“謂語+主語”，主要見于以下情況：
1. here 和there位于句首時的倒裝
表示地點的here和 there位于句首時，其后用完全倒裝形式。這類倒裝句的謂語通常是動詞be和come, go等表示移動或動態的不及物動詞：
Here’s Tom. 湯姆在這里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那兒。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來了。
There goes the bell. 鈴響了。
There goes the last train. 最后一班火車開走了。
注：(1) 以上倒裝句中的謂語動詞come和go不能用進行時態，即不能說 Here is coming the bus。
(2) 若主語為代詞，則不倒裝：
Here I am. 我在這兒。/我來了。
Here it comes. 它來了(m.52ysedu.com)。
(3) 其中的動詞有時也可能是stand, lie, live等表示狀態的動詞(表示存在)：
There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墻放著一張書桌。
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 從前有個人名叫比夫。
2. away和down等位于句首時的倒裝
地點副詞away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首時，其后用完全倒裝語序。這類倒裝句的謂語通常表示動態的不及物動詞：
Away went the runners. 賽跑選手們跑遠了。
Round and round flew the plane. 飛機盤旋著。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 門開了，史密斯先生進了來。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，傘都撐起來了。
注：若主語為人稱代詞，則不能用倒裝：
Away he went. 他跑遠了。
Down it came. 它掉了下來。
3. 某些狀語或表語位于句首時的倒裝
為了保持句子平衡或使上下文銜接緊密，有時可將狀語或表語置于句首，句中主語和謂語完全倒裝：
Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在這些人當中。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗戶邊坐著一個年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。
注：在表語置于句首的這類倒裝結構中，要注意其中的謂語應與其后的主語保持一致，而不是與位于句首的表語保持一致。比較：
In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只貓。
In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些貓。
4. 現在分詞、過去分詞或不定式置于句首的倒裝
有時為了強調，可將謂語部分的現在分詞、過去分詞或不定式置于句首，從而構成倒裝：
Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一個古老的村莊被埋在這沙土之中。
Standing beside the table was his wife.. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列問題要仔細考慮。
四、重點考點原創精練
1. Only in this way ______ progress in your English.
A. you make B. you be able to make
C. can you make D. will you able to make
2. I’m quite willing to help and ______ the others.
A. so are the others B. the others are so
C. so do the others D. the others do
3. This is your work. In no case ______ to leave your post.
A. are you B. you are C. can you D. you can
4. Not until recently ______ any idea what a guided missile was like.
A. could I have B. had I C. I had D. did I have
5. So ______ that even the people in the next room could hear him.
A. loudly he spoke B. he spoke loudly
C. loudly did he speak D. loudly spoke did he
打印本文 關閉窗口