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分詞作狀語是分詞最主要的作用之一。本文擬對其用法作歸納和說明。
一、分詞用作時間狀語
Seeing the door open, the stranger entered the house. 那個陌生人看見門開著就進了屋子。
The work finished, they went home. 工作做完后，他們就回家了。
【說明】分詞(短語)用作時間狀語通常可轉換成時間狀語從句(引導時間狀語的從屬連詞需根據句意來確定)，如上面兩句也可轉換成：
When he saw the door open, the stranger entered the house.
When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.
After the work was finished, they went home.
請看下面的例題：
When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
A. compared B. being compared
C. comparing D. having compared
【分析】此題答案選C，分詞短語when comparing different cultures相當于時間狀語從句when we compare different cultures。
二、分詞用作原因狀語
Being athletic, Tom found the climb quite easy. 由于身體健壯，湯姆覺得爬山很容易。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的車壞了，所以只好走路。
Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。
【說明】分詞(短語)用作原因狀語通常可轉換成由as, because, since, now that 等引導的原因狀語從句，如上面三句也可轉換成：
As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.
As he was athletic, Tom found the climb quite easy.
Because his car broken was down, he had to walk.
Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London.
請看下面的例題：
(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
【分析】答案選A。現在分詞短語faced with so much trouble可轉換成原因狀語從句because we were faced with so much trouble。(from www.yywords.com)
(2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006福建卷)
A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed
【分析】答案選B。現在分詞短語blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可轉換成原因狀語從句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。
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