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| 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)典型易錯(cuò)題分析-05 |
| 作者:HMX 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2015-09-17 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)典型易錯(cuò)題分析-05 【典型考題1】Dear me! Just _____ at the time! I _____ no idea it was so late. A. look, have B. looking, had C. look, had D. looking, have 【易錯(cuò)陷阱】此題容易誤選D,認(rèn)為第一空用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨,第二空填 have 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),以保持與前面時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。 【思路分析】其實(shí),此題應(yīng)選C,第一空應(yīng)填 look, 因?yàn)檫@是祈使句的謂語;第二空應(yīng)填 had,因?yàn)榍耙痪湔f“看看時(shí)間吧”,這一看當(dāng)然知道了現(xiàn)在很遲的情形,“不知道這么遲了”顯然應(yīng)是“過去”的事,故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),許多同學(xué)由于忽略這一隱含的語境而誤選。 【典型考題2】Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 【易錯(cuò)陷阱】容易誤選B或C。 【思路分析】此題應(yīng)選D,這是由 but I don’t know whether he has finished it 這一句話的語境決定的,全句意為“ 【典型考題3】He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______. A. is, is B. was, was C. is, was D. was, is 【易錯(cuò)陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 【思路分析】最佳答案選C,上文說“他”變化很大,即“他”現(xiàn)在不是過去的那個(gè)樣子了,故第一空填is,第二空填 was(其實(shí)第二空也可用 used to be)。請(qǐng)看類例: “What place is it?” “Haven’t you found out we _____ back where we ______?” A. were, had been B. have been, are C. are, were D. are, had been 答案選C,We are back where we were 的意思是“我們(現(xiàn)在)又回到剛才來過的地方”。 【典型考題4】The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing. A. is dated from B. was dated from C. dates from D. dated from 【易錯(cuò)陷阱】此題容易誤選B或D,認(rèn)為句中用了 1688 這個(gè)過去時(shí)間,所以應(yīng)選過去時(shí)態(tài),又因?yàn)?/FONT> date from 不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),所以只能選D。 【思路分析】其實(shí)此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是C,因?yàn)?/FONT> date from 的意思是“自某時(shí)起存在至今”(=have existed since),它通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而不用過去時(shí)態(tài)(盡管其后接的總是表示過去的時(shí)間)。如: The church dates from 1176. 這座教堂是六世紀(jì)建的。 The castle dates from the 14th century. 這座城堡是14世紀(jì)建的。 但若所談?wù)摰臇|西現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在,則可用一般過去時(shí)。如: The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世紀(jì)建成的,兩年前在一次地震中被毀了。 注:與 date from 同義的 date back to 也有類似用法。 【典型考題5】“You’ve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.” A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going 【易錯(cuò)陷阱】容易誤選D。 【思路分析】A和D兩者均可表示將來,填入空格處似乎都可以。但實(shí)際上只有A是最佳的,因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)上下文的語境來看,“我去把燈關(guān)掉”這一行為是說話人聽了對(duì)方的話后臨時(shí)想到的,而不是事先準(zhǔn)備的。而按英語習(xí)慣:will 和 be going to后接動(dòng)詞原形均可表示意圖,但意圖有強(qiáng)弱之分,如果是事先考慮過的意圖,要用 be going to;如果不是事先考慮過的,而是說話時(shí)刻才臨時(shí)想到的意圖,則用 will。比較: “I’ve come out without any money.” “Never mind, I will lend you some.” “我出來沒帶錢。”“沒關(guān)系,我借給你。”(句中用will lend,表示“借”錢給對(duì)方是臨時(shí)想到的,即聽了對(duì)方的話后臨時(shí)作出的反應(yīng)) I’ve bought a typewriter and I’m going to learn to type. 我買了臺(tái)打字機(jī),我想學(xué)打字。(句中用 be going to learn to type,表示說話人要學(xué)打字是事先準(zhǔn)備的,并為此買了臺(tái)打字機(jī)) |
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