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關(guān)閉窗口 3. could have done除了含有上述的意思外，還表示批評或責(zé)備
即表示過去本來有責(zé)任或義務(wù)應(yīng)該做某事的，但實際上卻沒有做成，含有批評和責(zé)備的意味，通常譯為“本來應(yīng)該”，“本來可以”等，用法同上。例如：
You could have helped me—why did you just sit and watch? 你本來可以幫我一把嘛——為什么你只是坐在那兒觀望呢?
I am disappointed that you didn’t tell me. You should have told me. 你沒告訴我，我感到很失望，你本來應(yīng)該告訴我的。
4. could have done 用于虛擬語氣
在虛擬條件句中，當(dāng)談?wù)撨^去的情況時，其句型通常是：主句用“could/would/might +have+過去分詞”，if從句用過去完成時。例如：
You could have been killed if I hadn’t warned you. 我如不是警告了你，你就可能喪命了。
If he had known the facts, he could have told us what to do. 如果他了解事實，他是可能告訴我們怎樣做的。
If you had come sooner, you could have helped us. 你如早來一點，就會幫上我們了。
I could have told them what happened if anybody had asked me. 如果有誰問過我，我可以告訴他們發(fā)生了什么情況。
四、should have done的用法
1. should have done表示“過去本應(yīng)做某事，但實際沒有做”，其否定式shouldn’t have done表示“過去不該做某事，但實際卻做了”。
這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意，通�？勺g為“本來應(yīng)該”；其否定式意為“本來不該”。ought to可以跟should換用，但語氣比should強(qiáng)烈。例如：
You should have finished your homework.(But you didn’t.)你本應(yīng)該完成你的作業(yè)了。（但是你卻沒有。）
You should have reported the matter to the police. 你本應(yīng)該把這件事報告警察。
I beg your pardon. I suppose I should have knocked. 對不起，我想我應(yīng)該先敲一下門的。
如果是否定式，則表示本來不該發(fā)生的情況卻發(fā)生了。例如：
You shouldn't have told her the news.(But you did.)你本不應(yīng)該把這個消息告訴他。（但你卻已告訴。）
You shouldn’t have opened her letter. 你是不應(yīng)該拆她的信的。
She shouldn’t have stood in a queue. She should have got tickets from the machine. 她本來就不該去排隊，她應(yīng)該在售票機(jī)那兒買票。
該用法中的should也可換成ought to，意思不變。例如：
You should (ought to) have told us earlier. 你應(yīng)該早點告訴我們的。
You shouldn’t (oughtn’t to) have parked there. 你本不該把車停在這里。
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