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■You have been kind. 與You are kind. 的區(qū)別是：前者為現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)一直如此；后者為一般現(xiàn)在時，強調(diào)客觀事實。　　

■Where have you been? 你去哪兒了？（強調(diào)影響，比如間接地問“你剛才為什么不在這里？）/ 你一直在什么地方？（可視為由 In fact I have been in the lab 之類的句子對地點狀語提問得來）　　

Where were you? 你剛才在哪兒？/ 你當時在哪兒？　　

Where are you? 你現(xiàn)在在哪兒？　　

Where did you go? 你剛才去哪兒了？　　

■英語可以說：I have been there. 我去過那兒。　　

但不能說：I have been to there. （因為there 是副詞，其前不用介詞to）