 主題：：比較的對象
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 ：2013/11/30 23:14:50
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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1. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as DVD players
2. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as for school teachers.
3. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four time as many as in China.
請問老師這三句話是正確的嗎？這后邊的比較分別省略了什么呢？
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| 管理員[admin]回復(fù): |
我個人認(rèn)為三個句子都是對的，只是逗號后的內(nèi)容分別針對了前面句子的不同成分：
1. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as DVD players.
four times as many as DVD players 針對的比較對象是 PC。
2. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as for school teachers.
four times as many as DVD players 針對的比較對象是 pupils。
3. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as in China.
four times as many as DVD players 針對的比較對象是 in America。
三句均可視為在 four times as many as…前面省略了 which is。 回復(fù)時間:
2013/12/1 16:13:05 |
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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那which指代什么呢？
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| 管理員[admin]回復(fù): |
1. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as DVD players.= There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (the PCs) is four times as many as DVD players.
2. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as for school teachers.=There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (the PCs) is four times as many as (the PCs) for school teachers.
3. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as in China.= There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (the PCs) is four times as many as (the PCs) in China. 回復(fù)時間:
2013/12/1 17:54:50 |
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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謝謝管理員老師的回答；
但是有個問題，這樣解釋which成了定語從句；前邊的先行詞是Pc 而前邊說的是one Pc, which作為關(guān)系代詞數(shù)應(yīng)該和先行詞相同。所以Pcs沒有辦法解釋呀
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| 管理員[admin]回復(fù): |
其實，雖然one PC是單數(shù)，但one PC for every 32 pupils并不一定是單數(shù)，因為它的意思是“每32名學(xué)生有一臺PC機(jī)”，如果是64名學(xué)生呢？那就是2臺PC機(jī)；如果是96名學(xué)生呢？那就是3臺PC機(jī)；……。這就好比說 one out of ten students一樣，它指的是“10個學(xué)生中有1個”，即十分之一的學(xué)生。請看一個類似的例子：
About one in every 20 people have clinical depression. 大約每20個人中有1個患有臨床抑郁癥。（摘自柯林斯）
這個句子的謂語用了復(fù)數(shù)，因為“每20個人中有1個”，它暗示“每40個人中就有2個”，“每60個人中有3個”……（當(dāng)然僅從主謂一致的角度來考慮，本句用單數(shù)謂語也是可能的，即將其視為一個整體）。
要不然，就把上面的句子這樣來改寫吧：
1. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as DVD players.= There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (one PC for every 32 pupils) is four times as many as DVD players (for pupils).
2. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as for school teachers.=There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (one PC for every 32 pupils) is four times as many as (the PCs) for school teachers.
3. There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as in China.= There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, which (one PC for every 32 pupils) is four times as many as (the PCs for pupils) in China. 回復(fù)時間:
2013/12/1 22:37:51 |
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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非常感謝！
我仔細(xì)看了一下，首先 one in every 20 people 這個應(yīng)該前邊可以看成是個分?jǐn)?shù)，相當(dāng)于half of 所以后邊可以用復(fù)數(shù)。
但是 one PC for every 32 pupils，這里的賓語就是one PC, for every 32 pupils 應(yīng)當(dāng)是相當(dāng)于狀語。所以后邊which 如果代替one PC，或者PC 后邊沒有辦法as many as CD Plyers; 如果which代替的是 one PC for every 32 pupil 那么相當(dāng)于關(guān)系代詞同時指代了兩種成分（賓語和狀語）我認(rèn)為這是不應(yīng)該的。
不知道我的理解是否有誤？
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| 管理員[admin]回復(fù): |
Which 指代“兩種成分”是完全可能的，如：
He was probably talking to himself, which he often did now. ——摘自《柯林斯語法系列——連詞》
很顯然，句中的 which 指代 talking(動詞) to himself(狀語)。
事實上，which 不僅可以指代兩種成分，有時甚至可以指代三種或多種成分，或是一個完整的句子。 回復(fù)時間:
2013/12/1 23:45:27 |
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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指代句子的情況非常常見，指代兩句成份例如主語或者賓語+定語也很多。
但是如果兩個成分一個是賓語一個是狀語我一時還想不起來。
上邊這個例子He was probably talking to himself,
這里talling to himeself應(yīng)該算是一個復(fù)合的成份，就像動名詞有復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)一樣。
上邊這個賓語和狀語按道理來講不應(yīng)該能夠算是一個結(jié)構(gòu)
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| 管理員[admin]回復(fù): |
這里說明兩點：
一、talking to himself不是復(fù)合成分
He was probably talking to himself, which he often did now.
which 指代 talking to himself。這不是復(fù)合成分，也不是動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，而是“動詞+狀語”。
二、which既然連句子都可以指代，為什么又不可以指代“賓語+狀語”呢？
Avoid abrasives on the tiles, which can damage. 避免在瓷磚上使用磨蝕劑，那樣可能會造成損壞。
which 指代 abrasives (賓語) on the tiles (狀語)。
回復(fù)時間:
2013/12/3 21:10:52 |
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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He was probably talking to himself, which he often did now.
這里確實不是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，我的只是打個比方說talling to himself在整個結(jié)構(gòu)上是一個成份，動名詞可以有自己的狀語，但是句子層面上我們只能說它們整體做表語。
Avoid abrasives on the tiles, which can damage
這里有兩個問題；
1.Avoid abrasives on the tiles 是什么意思？
它的意思應(yīng)該是Avoid using abrasives on the tiles 和talling to himself一樣它應(yīng)該整體是一個結(jié)構(gòu)。盡管按道理來講名詞不可以有自己的狀語。但不管怎么樣它不是句子的狀語。
我們把on the tiles 放到句首； on the tiles Avoid abrasives.我認(rèn)為這時侯意思就變成了在地板上避免使用腐蝕劑-----只要你站在地板上就不要用，你可能只是用腐蝕劑腐蝕別的東西，但在地板上不要這樣去做。
2. 如果這個句子加上主語會怎么樣？
I avoid abrasive on the tile ,which ……。我認(rèn)為這時侯意思就會變的完全相反----我不在地板上使用腐蝕劑----結(jié)果腐蝕了地板。
按照上邊的理解，我認(rèn)為賓語和狀語單獨是沒有辦法理解的肯定加上謂語，它和句子的區(qū)別就在于拋開了主語。但這時會造成岐義。我們沒有辦法判斷到底是指代句子還是賓語加狀語。
另外我不明白的還有one Pc for every 32 students 這里相當(dāng)于一個分子分母都有單位的分?jǐn)?shù)。
每32人一臺電腦，這比老師多多了，或者這比CD多多了----我認(rèn)為比較的對象不對等。
不知道我的理解哪里出了錯，請管理員老師指正我
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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avoid using abrasives on the tiles 的表述可能也有問題
因為我不知道on the tiles 倒底算是補(bǔ)語還是怎么回事，我的意思是說on the tiles肯定是和abrasives 在句子中整體上是一個成份。on the tiles不是句子的狀語
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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繼續(xù)頂
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【用戶】
qinjianyu |
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There is one PC for every 32 pupils in America, four times as many as DVD players.
To begin with the first,I can tell what is left out in the sentence is ‘for every 32 pupils in America’ that follows the ‘DVD players’.
How many DVD players are there for every 32 pupils in America?
Though I am not good at maths,the answer is easy for me to work out.That is, there is 1/4 DVD player for every 32 pupils in America. So the completed sentence is: there is one PC for every 32 pupils in America,four times as many as DVD plays for every 32 pupils in America.
And I think the others can be solved this way.
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【用戶】
enkyklios |
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qinjian沒有看我們的討論
我上邊可能當(dāng)成狀語也不恰當(dāng)，不知道這算不算個分?jǐn)?shù)。如果是狀語肯定不能這樣比，如果是個分?jǐn)?shù)我們按照管理員老師的思路。
One PC for every 2pupils is four times as many as DVD plyers (for every 32 pupils in America) 這里dvd plyer 連一個都不能怎么會是復(fù)數(shù)？
總之我認(rèn)為這不是一個正確的句子，我也沒有見過這樣的比較。順便說一句，這個句子并不是來自什么權(quán)威工具書或者書刊，只是一些網(wǎng)友跟據(jù)考試題自己推演的。
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