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7. 這類系表結構后不定式要用主動式表被動義

This book is difficult ______.

A. to understand      B. to be understand  C. to understand it   D. being understood

此題應選A。容易誤選B。從意思上看, 本句主語與其后不定式有動賓關系, 所以不少考生便誤選了不定式的被動式, 但是這里有一點特殊之處。

按照英語習慣, 由easy, hard, nice, difficult, amusing,

interesting, dangerous, impossible, important, pleasant, 等形容詞構成的系表結構后, 接用不定式時, 通常要用主動式表示被動含義：

English is not easy to learn. 英語不容易學。

This question is difficult [hard] to answer. 這 個問題很難回答。

That bird is impossible to catch. 那只鳥不可能被抓住。

The river is dangerous to swim in. 在這條河里游泳很危險。

Football is interesting to watch. 看踢足球很有意思。

以上結構可以換成用it作形式主語的句型：(m.52ysedu.com)

英語單詞難記。

正：English words are difficult to remember.

正：It is difficult to remember English words.

寫那樣一本書很容易。

正：Such a book is easy to write.

正：It is easy to write such a book.

8. 介紹一種特殊的被動結構

I don’t know him, but he ______ to have a lot of money.

A. says                     B. said                     C. is said                  D. is saying

此題應選 C。這是一類比較特殊的被動語態。試比較以下各組句子：

據說他是一個誠實的人。

a. People say that he is an honest man.

b. It is said that he is an honest man.

c. He is said to be an honest man.

據說龜比象活得久。

a. People say that tortoises live longer thanelephants.

b. It is said that tortoises live longer thanelephants.

c. Tortoises are said to live longer thanelephants.

人們認為他已離開了。

a. People believe that he has left.

b. It is believed that he has left.

c. He is believed to have left.

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