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②強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語　　

It was here that/where we met Mary. 　　

It was in your room that I left my gloves.　　

涂元晞等編著的《英語常見疑難選解》(江蘇科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社1981年12月第1版) p50認(rèn)為：在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，通常還是用that。在現(xiàn)代英語中，也出現(xiàn)了用where 或 when 代替that的傾向。　　

王國(guó)棟編著的《大學(xué)英語深層語法》(清華大學(xué)出版社2005年1月第1 版)p748也有這樣的例句: I was yesterday that/when he bought an English book in town.　　

但被強(qiáng)調(diào)的地點(diǎn)狀語或時(shí)間狀語若是介詞短語時(shí)，則極少使用it was … where/when句型。　　

這一觀點(diǎn)在葛傳椝編著的《簡(jiǎn)明英語慣用法》(上海譯文出版社1993年8月第1版) p151上得到驗(yàn)證:　　

比較：It was in 1984 that he graduated.　　

It was 1984 when he graduated.　　

It is at a college in 　　Shanghai　　 that Professor Xia Yang is teaching biochemistry.　　

It is a college in 　　Shanghai　　 where Professor Xia Yang is teaching biochemistry.　　

另外，Pam Peters 在The Cambridge Guide to English Usage (2004)P10指出：That is also preferred to when and where by some, who would correct It was on Sunday when I saw him to It was on Sunday that I saw him. The basis of their objection is not explained, and when/where are certainly used as relative pronouns in cleft constructions. In speech, intonation makes their relative role clear, whereas in writing it may be ambiguous until you reach the end of the sentence.　　

③強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(從句)　　

由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句或because of短語可以作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。例如： 　　

It was because he was in great difficulty that I tried my best to help him.　　

I was because of the job that he had taken the flat.　　

但是由since或 as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從不可以作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。 　　

④強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(從句) 例如：　　

It was just as he ordered that I acted.　　

It was by herself that she went to school.　　

It was with a stick that I managed to beat the dog off.　　

⑤強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語　　

It was for fun that he played the part of a clown.　　

It is in order to serve the people better in the future that we should study hard now.　　

⑥強(qiáng)調(diào)表語　　

在連系動(dòng)詞be后的表語不能作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不是be時(shí)，還勉強(qiáng)可以。例如：　　

He is a teacher. 這個(gè)句子不能轉(zhuǎn)換為：﹡It is a teacher that he is. 　　

He has become a teacher. 這個(gè)句子轉(zhuǎn)換為：It is a teacher that he has become.還勉強(qiáng)可以接受。　　

⑦強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語補(bǔ)足語(名詞或形容詞)作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分也僅屬于勉強(qiáng)可以。例如：　　

It was chairman that they elected him.　　

It was white that they painted the door.　　

注意：分裂句中的it在口語中也可以用this,  that, these 或those替代。例如：　　

That was the doctor I was speaking to. 　　

Those are my feet you are treading on. 　　

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